Uganda's fight against HIV could receive a major boost following the introduction of Lenacapavir, a long-acting HIV prevention injection administered only twice a year. Health experts say the breakthrough offers a convenient and highly effective option for people at risk of HIV infection and could significantly accelerate efforts to reduce new infections across the country.

The introduction of lenacapavir comes as Uganda continues to register thousands of new HIV infections every year despite significant progress in reducing HIV prevalence from nearly 18 percent in the late 1980s to below six percent today.

Health experts say the long-acting injectable drug could strengthen existing HIV prevention efforts by offering protection for up to six months with a single dose.

According to researchers from the Makerere University–Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, the study was initiated after identifying challenges many people face in consistently adhering to existing HIV prevention methods.

Dr. Kiweewa says findings from clinical trials involving more than 5,000 adolescent girls and young women showed remarkable effectiveness, with participants recording complete protection against HIV infection during the study period.

She adds that the intervention is already being implemented in Mityana District and across 103 health facilities nationwide, with pregnant women among the priority beneficiaries.

Meanwhile, the Ministry of Health says preparations for the rollout of Lenacapavir began in 2025. Although the injection is provided free of charge to eligible beneficiaries, officials say access remains limited due to the currently available supply and the need for prior screening.

Health officials have emphasized that Lenacapavir is intended to complement existing HIV prevention measures rather than replace them.

Dr. Mudiope warns that the new injectable option should not be viewed as a license for risky sexual behavior but rather as an additional tool in the fight against HIV.

Stakeholders are now calling for increased availability of Lenacapavir, saying wider access could significantly accelerate Uganda's journey toward ending HIV as a public health threat by 2030.